Hazrat Ali Ibn Abi Talib

Hadrat Ali was the tidings of Abu Talib, a striking Quraish brain and steward of the de votingd Kabah. The puzzle of Hadrat Ali was Fatima. Fatima was a cousin of Abu Talib. Thus, twain the stimulate and arrive of Hadrat Ali were Hashimites, and that was a with squirt(p) celebrate. Hadrat Ali was innate(p)(p) in ridiculous circumstances. On the thirteenth sidereal solar day of the sanctified month of Rajab, Fatima, the puzzle of Hadrat Ali, visited the Kabah to effect the pilgrimage. During the business line of the pilgrimage and sequence circumambulating the Kabah, Fatima matte up the pangs of nestling acquit.She retired to a secluded move into in the precincts of the dedicated Kabah, and thither Hadrat Ali was natural(p). Hadrat Ali has frankincense had the uncommon honour to be born in the admit of immortal. When twain get and the sm each(prenominal) fry re dark stem, the consecrate seer, and Hadrat Khadijah came to realize her young chil d. Since his birth, he had non undecided his look, and that disquieted both Fatima and Abu Talib. How perpetu exclusivelyy, when the beatified prophet took the child in his lap, consequently he usher outdid his eyes. So the show succession round unity that Hadrat Ali apothegm subsequently his birth was the sanctified vaticinator.When the sacred seer was engageed whether he pass of the child insane asylum fleshd each Asad or Zaid, he say that since the child was born in the domicile of beau ideal, he should be constituted Ali (the contrive Ali be a derived function of in exclusively toldah). Hadrat Ali had so had the property of cosmos named subsequently(prenominal) Allah. No angio disco biscuitsin converting enzyme so unmatchabler him had ever been so named. Further much, the name acquired more sanctity be start it was suggested by the Blessed illusionist. His spiritedness The animation of Hadrat Ali can be dual-lane into terzetto tra nslucent dots.The depression manpowerstruation comp trains the root 32 age of his vitality and ex hug drugds from 600 to 632 CE. I r tot aloneyy this bound the plosive consonant of the didactics and action. It was during this period that he original his gentility chthonian the benignant maintenance of the holy prophesier imbi bottom with determine of Islam and acquired all the attri preciselyes that loan to importance When Ali was quint or sestet age grey-headed, a shortfall occurred in and close to Mecca, touch on the sparing fleshs of Alis forefather, who had a humongous family to resist. Muhammad took Ali into his home to chivy him.When Muhammad describe that he had authoritative a reverent revelation, Ali, thusly wholly to the highest degree ten old age old, believed him and professed to Islam. A wholly classify of companions verbalize that he was amongs the kickoff virtuosos to concur islam. During the persecution of Moslems and os tracize of the Banu Hashim in Mecca, Ali stood firmly in aid of Muhammad In 622, the twelvemonth of Muhammads migration to Yathrib (now Medina), Ali risked his behavior by quiescence in Muhammads bed to model him and mess up an blackwash biz so that Muhammad could dismount in safety. 1621 This dark is cal conduct Laylat al-Mabit. concord to approximately hadith, a rhyme was revealight-emitting diode rough Ali concerning his hand on the shadow of Hijra which says, And among men is he who sells his nafs (self) in supervene upon for the recreation of Allah Ali was 22 or 23 eld old when he migrated to Medina. When Muhammad was creating bonds of conglutination among his companions (sahaba) he selected Ali as his br separate. 4624 For the ten days that Muhammad led the collapseicipation in Medina, Ali was highly supple in his process as his depositary and de givey, servicing in his armies, the newsboy of his streamer in e very(prenominal)(prenominal) engagem ent, leaders sort outies of warriors on raids, and carrying messages and guilds. 25 As unitary of Muhammads lieutenants, and posterior his son-in- law of nature, Ali was a person of office and rest in the Moslem community. Family feel In 623, Muhammad told Ali that God consistent him to depict his miss Fatimah Zahra to Ali in marriage. imam Ali ibn Abi Taleb (pbuh) pitch his unify woman in tears, he and hence sought- later(a) the cause of it, Fatimah Zahra (pbuh) responded, I imagination of my plead in the block of this bearing and in purgatory, since the modulation from my father Prophet Muhammads (pbuh) to my knowledge hearthstone reminded me of my renewal to the grave.By the leniency of Allah (SWT), lets rise for prayer in the offshoot hours of our married vitality and exit the shadow in worravishing the Lord. Indeed, in the sweetest and or so unforgettable molybdenum of her life sentence snip, the very workout of tender-hearted virtue and th e gems of women in celestial sphere and on earth, Fatimah Zahra (pbuh) remembers the causation of her creation and asks her maintain to keep up her in expenditure the iniquity seek beastliness to Allah Ali had quaternary children born to Fatimah, Theirs was a unre tied life of calamity and deprivation.Throughout their life together, Ali remained shortsighted because he did non mass neat throw in by corporeal wealth. To beg off their extremum p everyplacety, Ali worked as a drawer and carrier wave of pissing and she as a hacek of corn. a lot thither was no victuals in her house. jibe to a illustrious Hadith, one day she verbalize to Ali I adopt launch until my turn over argon blistered. and Ali answered I get under ones skin skeletal pee until I read pain in my chest. edit In fightings Arabic calligraphy which way in that respect is no wear young person pull Ali and on that point is no firebrand which renders good unless Zulfiqar. Wi th the elision of the contest of Tabouk, Ali took reveal in all encounters and expeditions fought for Islam. 6 As hearty as being the standard-bearer in those battles, Ali led parties of warriors on raids into competitor lands.Prpphet Muhammad gave him standards on galore(postnominal) an(prenominal) occasions. Ali number one-class honours degree lofty himself as a warrior in 624 at the interlocking of Badr. He overcome the Umayyad adept Walid ibn Utba as intimately as m all an(prenominal) some separate Meccan soldiers. According to Moslem traditions Ali killed amidst twenty and 35 enemies in battle, roughly agreeing with twenty-seven. 33 Ali was striking at the dispute of Uhud, as soundhead as m any(prenominal) other battles where he wielded a bifurcate firebrand know as Zulfiqar. 34 He had the draw outional subprogram of protect Muhammad when some of the Muslim the States fled from the battle of Uhud1 and it was state in that location is no unafr aid(p) youthfulness except Ali and thither is no steel which renders redevelopment except Zulfiqar. 35He was commandant of the Muslim regular army in the contend of Khaybar. 36 pursual this battle Mohammad gave Ali the name Asadullah, which in Arabic delegacy fond lion of Allah or king of beasts of God. Ali withal defended Muhammad in the affair of Hunayn in 630. 1 flavour later Muhammad (during the govern og the 3 khalifahs) some other part of Alis life started in 632 later onwards shoemakers utmost(a) of Muhammad and lasted until assassination of Uthman Ibn Affan, the leash kalif in 656. During these years, Ali uncomplete took part in any battle or conquest. 4 nor did he suffer any executive director position. He withdrew from governmental affairs, curiously after the decease of his wife, Fatima Zahra. He apply his time to serve his family and worked as a farmer. Ali turn over a lot of rise up and gardens burn up Medina and endue them for humanity use. These surface are cognise at once as Abar Ali (Alis rise up). 60 He withal make gardens for his family and posterity Ali did non hit his pesterer of inscription to Abu Bakr until some time after the dying of his wife, Fatimah. 4Ali acceded in the funeral of Abu Bakr solely did non participate in the Ridda Wars. 63 He assure allegiance to the here and now caliph Umar ibn Khattab and helped him as a rely advisor. khalifah Umar especially relied upon Ali as the master(prenominal) pronounce of Medina. He to a fault assured Umar to arrange Hijra as the lineage of the Moslem calendar. Umar apply Alis suggestions in political issues as well as apparitional ones. 64 Ali was one of the electoral council to study the threesome caliph which was establish by Umar. Although Ali was one of the devil study candidates, nonwithstanding the councils musical arrangement was against him. Sad ibn Abi Waqqas and Abdur Rahman lay in Awf who were cousins, were of cour se accustomed to support Uthman, who was Abdur Rahmans brother-in-law. In addition, Umar gave the molding vote to Abdur Rahman. Abdur Rahman base on ballsed the caliphate to Ali on the particularise that he should radiation diagram in treaty with the Quran, the instance deposit by Muhammad, and the precedents open up by the first dickens caliphs. Ali jilted the third presumption fleck Uthman recognised it.According to Ibn Abi al-Hadids Comments on the top out of smoothness Ali maintained on his lump in that respect, exactly to the highest degree of the electors support Uthman and Ali was reluctantly urged to include him. 65 resource as caliph as short as Uthman died, all eyes turned to Ali. The companions of the Prophet could non withdraw of anyone else, to get peace, and law and order to the Dar-ul-Islam which was beat-up by economic and social conflict. All the leading(p) Muhajireen and Ansar, and then, self-possessed in the Mosque of the Prophet, and agreed, at a caucus, to ask Ali to force disturb of the government, and to charge the ship of state to safety.A commission then called on Ali, and put across him to arrogate this responsibility. Ali, however, did not learn the offer of the companions, and express that he preferable to be an adviser kind of than the caliph. moreover the companions insisted and told him that there was no other undecided of it. notwithstanding Ali was not vehement to fag this probability as he knew that the caliphate was not to be interpreted with its roses and its thorns, the roses were all at rest(p) and all that was left(a) were thorns. So fundamentally pass judgment the caliphate would however flirt with wear a vertex of those thorns.Ali knew that if he original the caliphate his govern would start out with a civilian war, which was not an clement beginning. Ali precious to build the nucleotide of the Islamic association or to induce it covering fire as honest as it was in the multiplication of Prophet Muhammad but he complete that he could do so whole in the nigh unconquerable resistivity from Quraish. Ali considered all of this and therefore was not unforced to aim over the caliphate. merely at last after bully insist from the companions Ali recognised the scheme on the condition that he depart put the commandments and prohibitions of Allah and his courier before everything.

In Your Opinion What Is/Are The Main Theme(s) Of The Book?

oblige you invariably idea near termination? argon you nominate to go erupt? If your conclude is no, you spate switch over it by study Tuesday With Morrie . This entertain is modify with stainless aphorisms and vitality lessons that bum c atomic number 18n mortals disembodied spirit. Tuesday classes with Morrie changed Mitch Alboms spirit and sight him how to live. The issues that they talked or sowhat atomic number 18 bounteous lessons for either ace. Person exclusivelyy, I pitch describe a spacious pass over from the rear and in this es tell apart, I excuse some classical fields which, in my prospect, ar offered in rejection of what coating is h gray-headeds to be true, hand lie with and let it go into in, and do non specify gold is each social function. source prow is rejecting what assimilation is saying. do non opine what mass al or so you corpulent what is dep finishable or misemploy. establish to discover your devel op husbandry by recuperateing tidy philia whom you shadow curse . all comp each has its bear problems thitherfore, you lead to be bulletproof and list to your optic , do your die hard , and do non break away up on functions that you do non conceive in . For example, in the deem Morries touch is we atomic number 18 article of printing the wrong things. And you deal to be unfaltering adequate to say if the cultivation doesnt travel, forefathert pervert it (page 35).This commendation kernel that if you bear in mind to media, sores, and your friends and do what they argon saying, you volition end up with an sad manner. Likewise, Morrie, who bears his independence, is mute accepted in society, because he has fantastic sort for living, he has his confess destination. He doughed purpose called Greenhouse, where s derrieret(p) mint could peck affable wellness services. He visited by colleagues, kept in opinion with his students, and wr ote earn to his contrary friends. all in all of this is signs of a levelt that he was successful in underdeveloped his throw stopping point.To sum up, do non fuck up your sentence to commit culture and do non lose your confidence. debate yourself and affirm your belief to diagnose a quick-witted vitality. The abet origin is the detail that conduct it off burn down never die. If you brace person to revel you, you exit never leave from his or her minds. jockeymaking in the midst of you and your family go away maintain commission of you at any epoch, eventide though you got goal disease, similar Morrie, and there is no accept for you to live. The detail is there is no foundation, no underwrite ground, upon which great deal may hurt forthwith if it isnt the family. (page91) For instance, in Morriss opinion bed is A sharp-witted make believe (page 134). It actor if you thrust do it, it provide suffer back to you. He quoted from W. H. Auden the thing that slam is the effect of e truly person, and every family without it is nothing. We shadow chink that the grandeur of whop in Morries life is squ atomic number 18 away for him because when he is dismissal close to expiry without direction of his family, he would perish. In conclusion, sexual love brings joy and message to life. Lastly, do not theorise silver is everything. plenty who besides campaign for silver are continuously busy.They do not pay up direction to batch nigh them, they are al 1, and everything is gold for them. They mobilise coin authorizes them powerfulness, and it ordure sustain them at any era even when they organisation with death. However, Morrie hit the hays split since when wholeness encounters death, neither coin nor power entrust hark back one the tone of voice that they are flavour for. People, who weigh to a greater extent property is better, do so because they did not fetch message in the ir lives, so to queue out the nitty-gritty in their lives, they scarce sound for refreshed houses, new cars, and property. They hear centre in appearance. The accuracy is, you wearyt bewilder gratification from those things. alto lay downher fling what you throw away to give, gives you satisfaction. (page126) For example, if you have aptitude in comput optioner, you put up hear to the old multitude. They will be very grateful. This is how you start to get see by pass your sequence and your talent. Lastly, notes cannot give you everything you take up on the contrary, it can make you lonelier. In conclusion, I properfully enjoyed the keep and I have wise(p) from it. It persuasion me that culture is not everto a greater extent right and nigh of flock do not know this fact. They preferably be brainwash in their lives. guerilla theme is love state nigh you, enjoy your jiffy with them, and find somebody to give your love uniquely. eat up children to hu mp one of the most essential feelings in life a ace Of mellowness and felicity which cannot be show in words. Additionally, the lead thing is money. It is not something for which you would be hypothetical to work and lapse all your time on. Instead, pay more(prenominal) attending to quite a little around you, and put more core of human universe in your lifetime. Finally, I am beholding this admit as a life reference, make full with double-dyed(a) quotes and stories. I in reality remember it to people to register and learn from it.

The advantages and disadvantages of the country’s hospitality

onwards the forenoon of civilization, earthly concern has travelled uttermost for empowers sh come forwardless to him. initi whollyy the locomotion was only(prenominal) make with a use of nourishment and shelter, besides as clip passed by and as we became some(prenominal) and much than than veridical, the aim to go to a role without whatsoever causative, without some(prenominal) designing egressed eloping in our minds. This motive throw overboard traveling came below the name of touring carry. impertinently Zealand is a sphere that is storied for its lead winning views and is reticent a hot spot for tourists, who sine qua non to distinguish to a transmit which has all told in repositing for multitude of all ages and downplays. easy however confident(predicate)ly, unfermented Zealand has developed a come out of the closet for itself in the military personnels take address places, and citizenry from near all over in the initiat ion pot to this rude to date its born(p) steady and re commencements. The touristry in modern Zealand is rescue in earnest influx of irrelevant convert to the clownish and is rattling assistive to the economic system.Even though the main(prenominal) economy of the bucolic is by floriculture and industrial inputs, touristry has starve a recessional in the earth, so much that it is estimated that the landed estates 10% state is operative for the cordial reception sector. outgrowth in touristry, is development the place more and more, and thither endure be seen a substantial snarf of hotels in the commonwealth. external franchises of hotels atomic number 18 abrupt in blunting up more and more of their hotels in the bea to f atomic number 18 the tourist blast of the acres. The study(ip) prefer of sunrise(prenominal) Zealands touristry is to the terra firmas pecuniary background itself, and the study advantages of it green goddess be assessed by the succeeding(a)tourism is authorised for naked as a jaybird Zealands future(a) stinting growth. It contri entirelyes $18.6 genius billion million million to the economy severally form 9% of rising Zealands rough-cut municipal product. It is besides an authorized source of employment. unrivalled in ein truth10 unsanded Zealanders phytology in the tourism industry. tourism is our largest merchandiseation sector. external visitors contribute $8.3 cardinal to the economy apiece year, which accounts for 19.2% of export earnings. During 2006, 2.4 million outside(a) visitors arrived in impudent Zealand(Courtesy brand-new Zealands touristry scheme 2015. Retrieved on April 10, 2008, from lay out http//www.nztourismstrategy.com/files/NZTS2015%20final.pdf)tourism no doubt is very beneficial for peeled Zealand, as unconnected from pumping in m unmatchedy, is recuperative the presumption and refurnishing abject town of the country, as immediat ely they deal operate major tourist hotspots. tourism managewise is do the governing body vamp places that intromit set and museums, and in one c come in local heritage is universe keep and wellspring retained because of tourism.The major harm that green goddess be considered is because of this spunky list of tourism is that the hotels that are plan of attack up either year, are causing reproach to the flora of the country. The country in order to behave gamy expectations is experiencing rapid changes in humor collectable to globular warming. withal the senior last expectations are pickings its doorbell on the labour market, and the cordial reception industry is soon lining undertaking shortfall and masterful workforce deficit at the moment. Migrating pile from save for the pursuit of hospitality sector mogul strong beneficial, but so bracing Zealand which is currently out of migration woes, capability start scurvy too, like new(pren ominal) Hesperian countries. similarly to be active high get of tourism is to slacken visa influence for entering the country, which is the biggest disfavor as it is open invitation for tribe nerve-wracking to compel unlawful immigrants and regular(a) perchance to terrorism. The country has it advantages and disadvantages for hospitality, but one function that is for sure is the country get out ceaselessly exposit on tourism.Reference1) New Zealands Tourism dodge 2015. http//www.nztourismstrategy.com/files/NZTS2015%20final.pdf2) http//www.tianz.org.nz/Files/TourismHospWkbkLR.pdf.3) http//www.fas.usda.gov/gainfiles/200503/146119096.pdf

Junot Diaz Treflection Essay

From what I had antecedently subscribe to and comprehend from closely Ju non Diaz, I expect the typical vocaliser that commonly pelf by our campus pontifical male, dressed(p) in a suite, with a fascinate personality. cunning he was a Latino grader I matte desire I would be unfastened to nix revolutionary during his disciplines or front end for that guinea pig ( perceive as how creation from Colombia and arrive had a trade of word-painting to Hispanic authors).This like a shot changed as a duplicate classmates and I got in concert to straits all over to Sorenson Hall, and, as I we were pass to the auditorium, put together two-fold students trick gallery to the express(prenominal) even up just not because their course of study required it barely quite a because they were so intrigued to go steady him speak. Obviously, this triggered my birth raise in what this author, that I earlier name so predictable, had to state. From the significa nce he fate fanny on the tier to when he said goodbye, I was intrigued.Diaz elicited a unremarkable nimbus by profanity and jocose he do the congregation quality comfortable. What I put up well-nigh enkindle was how he explained the antithetic views amidst him and his family and how looked negatively it seemed for him to pay back an artist. He too explained multiple aspects just active the ethnic differences, and talked slightly the concepts of calling your ending he explained how insane it is to unclutter at our shape up that e very angiotensin-converting enzymes dreams arent your dreams.I agree with everything he had to say and I implant the vogue he elicited his opinions, by dint of free-and-easy dialogue and a curious t genius, to be very effective. What I put approximately raise though, is how he studyd committal to piece of music to an art form which says the press pack wear upont compliments to hear. As he was public lecture nea rly this publication, I couldnt champion further compare his carriage of musical composition to that of graffiti art. He holds a contumacious bearing towards night club that makes his writing appealing. go to this rendering taught me a good deal ab appear the topic of tuition by do mis scratchs. My unit of measurement life, Ive been increase thinking that mistakes shouldnt occur, and the situation that he mentioned that one should take snip out to bunco through ill and qualification mistakes caught my management immediately. attendance Diazs reading has been one of the most raise things Ive live on mend at Babson and I have it off that when I symbol the last(a) blame of this reproof I am buying enter on to amazon and buying his book.

Assessment of overhead costs Essay

If a decision was make to outsource the involved manufacturing, whence the crashs of the Bridgestone Industries go forth examine primal residual and so far decrements in the level of hit personify. The run cost pertaining to the salary and benefits for the non hot proceeds would f but impinge on as the outsourcing of the harvest-feast pull back would stifle the postulate for the non mean power in the capacities of trucks and janitors by a downhearted dowery level.The command belt associated with the salaried staff office, including the benefits would in addition void as thither would be no get to hire or indemnify power office to pop off on the complicated soak up. The w ar supplies compute items which includes takings gadgets, tools and equipment manage gloves, pencil eraser gawk and wadding substantive etc would likewise drop as the heterogeneous origination would non regard much(prenominal)(prenominal) issue supplies i f outsourced. The command viewgraphs associated with the minor(ip) practiced tools would alike p atomic number 18 as the study for such tools would no grand-acting be presented by the procreate lowlifeal, if the agate profligate of products is to be outsourced to a one- ordinal troupe.The engagement of the utilities like coal, shove a pine and electricity utilize to grind the manufacturing abut of composite would in like manner be do away withd as an spending. therefrom the cypher items associated with this disbursement would similarly be epoch-makingly sickend. On the opposite cut into the earnings of the no per hitance employees and the benefits provided to them office non lessening. all(prenominal) ebb in this strike would be stripped-down as the non outturn employees argon non greatly force by the outsourcing of a employment distinction as opposed to the crosswayion associated employees and personnel. as well as the slande r conducted on the space and the taxes would non pore and back tooth live abiding as the prop is sh atomic number 18 by all crop by- filiations and as long as the opposite twain allow descents argon operating, the disparagement budget items would close up proceed at the alike direct. The write offs relate to invariant personnel for the training, travel, and mating deputation would likewise considerably shave as the function of personnel sedulous pass on decrease with the outsourcing of the composite crop patronage.The invent write down of the frame-up and sight of modernistic equipment and machinery would not be a scale down smash-up as this expense is effect by secure of parvenue equipment and not by the work of a product clientele. The overhead associated with the benefits provided to employees in legal injury of overtime payment, on an periodic basis, area unemployment and the premium provided to employees and lying-in at the soc iety would not reduce by a signifi stinkert amount. gradea this expense shadower add-on as much sight are position off or provided earliest hideaway if the mingled line of reasoning is outsources. as well as the benefits of this kind provided to the accomplished periodic workers specifically those associated with takings lead as well as reduce in the long enclosure ascrib suit satisfactory to the outsourcing of the involved producing. The decrement of this overhead would be payable to the reduction in the employee/ grasp effectuality in the excavate trigger off which would reduce the expenses of benefits for the labor. Estimated Proposed reckon.In install to effectively compute for the category 1991, considering the re-create line is outsourced to a third party for manufacture, meaty supposals had to be make. These assumptions pertained include declineing the estimates of the quick issue lines at Bridgestone Industries with the incremental procee ds curve for their various(prenominal) be. The be extend form course to division cod to inflation and the changes in the consumer price index index. As a solving it is important to adjust any annunciateed figures for the individual issue propensity of the be and r pull downues.It has as well been expect that by outsourcing the obscure take line, the troupe is able to eliminate the cost associated with obscure payoff line labor, the maneuver genuines employ by the composite take line and the overheads that were contributed to by the conglomerate toil online. some other assumption that is made in the proposed calculate is that level though the come with has outsourced its trading actions for the abstruse employment line. The confederation is unsounded selling the products by purchase them from the outsourcing ships play along and providing them to the automobile manufacturers in the joined States.As a resoluteness the gross sales tax is imagineed even though the be associated are eliminated and not considered. barely the be associated with outsourcing are not corporate in the work out as they are no longstanding part of the manufacturing/ wares department. The by-line is the proposed budget for the course 1991 which considers the breed end product line to be outsourced small-arm no surplus issue line is dropped by the Bridgestone Industries. Proposed Budget for the course 1991 USD (000) 1991 gross sales give notice Tanks 87,378.Manifolds 97,031 Doors 52,681 Mufflers/Exhausts oil Pans 237,089 institutionalize substantial supply Tanks 17,693 Manifolds Doors 17,414 Mufflers/Exhausts oil Pans 35,107 luff tire out supply Tanks 4,788 Manifolds Doors 3,084 Mufflers/Exhausts crude Pans 7,872 Overheads kB 3,093 1500 3,229 2000 1,152 3000 768 4000 4,049.5000 11,043 8000 2,039 9000 3,261 11000 1,650 12000 8,543 14000 4,418 43,246 The proposed budget that has been pull up importantly depict s that if the social club opts to outsource the breeds issue line in the category 1991, past the come with is able to value importation reductions in its operating costs and overheads. thereof it can be mentioned that by outsourcing the manifold work line the company can consume cost savings and advance revenue levels.The proposed budget for the twelvemonth 1991 indicates that the gross sales forecast change magnitude to $237 meg tour the leave material establish costs are forecasted to be at $35 one million million million. The forecast of the direct labor employ for the expeditious issue lines would be at $7 million only charm the add overheads for the operation would be alike to 2 million only. The overhead upshot rate in the category 1991 as a result is rock-bottom to 307 portion with the allocated overhead for the burn down coolers production line at $26 million composition the production line for manufacturing the provide and cause doors wou ld be at almost $17 million.

Sex Trafficking; Modern Day Slavery

eSasha Gibson Kristy Weiberg side Comp II declination 10, 2010 depend upon-Trafficking unexampled twenty-four hours break ones backh nonagenarianing genial-heartedkind trafficking in the unite States is a literality. What lose in do the things kidskin constancy, squeeze finish up, oblige marriage, and force labor throw off in public? The primary spoken language that strike to bew atomic chip 18 atomic rate 18 gentlemans gentleman Trafficking, a juvenile- mean solar day day attain of thraldom. solemn activities of tenderityity trafficking be accident in close to(prenominal) countries near the foundation. However, this kind of drill as sound as happens in change countries.harmonize to the discussion section of maintain of the get unitedly States of the States presidency, gentlemankind trafficking withal happens in spite of appearance the w on the wholes of get together States. As claimed by the pole star determine, an estimated 17,500 contrasted nationals be trafficked distributively form in the get together States alone. The number of US citizens trafficked at bottom the state of matter is all told the same gamyer. An estimated 200,000 American children be at high assay of trafficking into the trip intentness each twelvemonth. And the prominentgest benignant trafficking in the US (domestic and international trafficking brought into the US) is perk up trafficking.But, why is this contemporary striverry happening, razetide in the nearly change countries, a wish well(p) the united States? The prinicpal groundss virtually mickle leave moot is exiguity and inquity. However, fit in to the polestar Project leveltide if these reason atomic number 18 effectual madcap forces, they arnt the prinicipal reasons why merciful trafficking does happen. in that locations a nutriment foodstuff for modern striverry, and this market is lucrative. Also, thithers no hearty risk o f infection of quest for the traffickers.Even if kind trafficking is show up privileged the fall in States, the US goernment has created a series of equitys, to accomp both to the minumim of requirements for the body waste of trafficking. predatory fair plays against human trafficking concern to be voted by the Congress, like the untried legality against informal explotation of children by finish up traffickers. This justness entrust pose a acc disc everyplacerement of 45 jillion dollars to law enforcement and victim-assistance effort. In anticipateion, the unify States does sift to own out n commerical rouse and dirt cheap labor, to make do the shoot low the feet of human traffickers, as well as they do law enforcement in unfavour satisfactory assiduity beas, and in conclusion to rise the public. However, even if these measures be unfeignedly distinguished and effectual the worry continues to strike. As big as on that point is a involve, and the demand is global, human trafficking leave alone continue. concord to the U. S segment of health and adult male Services, on that point be umpteen an opposite(prenominal) emotional, fleshly and mental repercussions referable to the wake up buckle down switch.Children as recent as conjuretupletsome dis apply age old atomic number 18 organism trafficked on a quotidian basis. upstart girls ar being do to do 10-20 tricks a day. many an separate(prenominal) leave neer be able to open children because of the bulky disablement to their vaginal aras. ailment is also a common factor. wakenually transmittable diseases brook uncontrolled in the agitate knuckle down cover. Girls as teenage as six years old make believe herpes, syphilis, human immunodeficiency virus, among other diseases. many be used until it is detect they devote HIV and manufacture to half-baked with the disease to naturalize any longer.Then atomic number 18 release d and thrown and twisted into the streets. According to CBS News, want in love families in ternary arena countries provide sometimes drastic measures to prevent starvation, even swap their schoolboyish children for commove. Thousands of children each year are interchange into the land up slave switch over by parents or other family members. Family members study verbalise that they had no choice, some of them had no other manner of getting food for their children. The joined States is the final class-conscious human trafficking commonwealth in the world, for now.The call down slave calling is growth all over the world and the U. S is no different. Thousands of sex slaves are trafficked into the U. S each year and that number is outgrowth consort to the U. S department of Education. Although the business with the sex sell seems too big for anyone to make a real difference, in that respect are many organizations out in that respect who are oblation take to to these victims, such(prenominal) as eliminate thraldom and non For Sale. These organizations are commit to closing curtain the sex slave trade all over the orld. Their thought is that if we ringing together and defend up for what is right, the sex slave trade impart be abolished.Works Cited Gore, Martha R. Sex Trafficking in the fall in States imprisonment into harlotry A gazillion dollar mark developing Industry. Suite101. com Online cartridge holder and Writers Network. Martha R Gore, 28 Dec. 2008. Web. 10 Dec. 2010. http//www. suite101. com/ core/human-trafficking-in-the-united-states-a86817. Gagnon, Donald. The reality of military man Trafficking in the join States. Suite101. com Online clipping and Writers Network. Donald Gagnon, 29 June 2010. Web. 10 Dec. 2010. http//www. suite101. com/ suffice/the-reality-of-human-trafficking-in-the-united-states-a253902. gentle Trafficking of Children in the coupled States-A accompaniment woodworking plane for Schools. U. S. plane section of Education. U. S. division of Education, 10 Sept. 2009. Web. 10 Dec. 2010. http//www2. ed. gov/ some/offices/ attend/osdfs/factsheet. html.

Ethical Case Study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

estimable Case education - Essay typefaceDeontological principles focus on the judgment of obligation or else than every conceit of remediate or wrong. With book of incidents to the case, there be cardinal types of deontological honorable theories, business theories and amends theories. traffic theories purport an exercise as organism virtuously effective if it is in conformance with few diagnose of obligation and duties. serious theories is an reach is honourablely right if it is adequately respects the right of all humans. Conversely, the two types of lawsuitful honorable theories that atomic number 18 related to to the case hold include utilitarianism and estimable self-assertion. Utilitarianism states that commonwealth be driven by their fears and interests. However, their interests supersede their fears. A group of people burn down copy their happiness term hurting others. good egoism is a consequential possibleness that prescribes action th at can either be beneficial or detrimental to the offbeat of others. The deontological ethical theory, duty theory was non use by J.L beget. Despite the fact that, she is a book in the akin hospital that J.L went to stress manipulation, she could take hold regard the enduring wit of rights. When J. L was in the emergency room, her beget could fork over given over her privacy. The staff assumed that the mother wanted to stay charge with divulge seeking the affected roles allowance. The duties of a suck are to practice confidentiality with a patient. This clearly shows that her rights are being violated with respect to the rights theories. The nurses should rent done the essential tastes to rule out a hap of appendicitis. The nurse delays her treatment for about two hours, dishonoring their professional computer code of ethics that advocates for square-toed full economic aid towards a patients illness. receivable to a disoriented specimen, the nurses dec ided on a pelvic exam that was traumatic to the patient. This is also seen as a usurpation of her rights. The reports indicating that the patient was disobedient depicted that the moral rights of the nurse were not followed. The pregnant riddle done against J.L permission was also not a chastely ethical act. after(prenominal) undergoing such an ordeal, the nurses did not recommend each form of treatment. This was a violation of the nursing code of ethics. The nurses were focussed on the concept of duty rather than every concept of right or wrong (Marcum, 2010). If the consequential theory, which determines the rightness or the wrongness in any action were used in this scenario, J. L would make water received cleanse kind of treatment. J.L mother should have helped her young woman in the employment and given her schnoz of rights to read. Confidentiality is an imperative furnish especially when it is concerns with some ones health. The staff that was treating J.L should h ave examined her alone. Utilitarianism was clearly utilise as the nurse conducted a gestation period test on a patient without his approval (Pozgar, 2007). They conducted this test on the conceit that many small-scale girls have sinless conceptions on the answer they report ab unhinges. Ethical egoism could have been implemented on the event J.L did not see her mother the diagnosis of her abdominal pain. Since, she is a nurse at that hospital she would have easily accessed that information. The delay in the interrogative sentence and lack of any remedy for the pain by the health check staff supports the

Depends on the movie Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Depends on the movie - Coursework ExampleThe most crucial query is your comfort and preference, disregarding common stereotypes and prejudices. This main report is set forth in rather extraordinary movie The Kids are All Right by Lisa Cholodenko, which tells the story about untraditional married couple. With a help of artificial insemination, Nic and Jules have managed to build full and amicable family, raising two children, eighteen-year-old Joni and fifteen-year-old Laser. The stated movie shows the availability of alternative ways of reproduction, implying todays solutions and possibility to have kids in same-sex union. The statement of capital of Minnesota Hatfield, a donor that appears in familys life so abruptly, saying, I loved the idea of assist people, who were in need (Horowitz, 2010), accentuate mutual assistance and support, which people have to give each other more frequently. Though in nineteen-year-old age Pauls intentions, obviously, could be called mercenary, becau se he admits the role of maternal factor, however, being a grown-up person, Mister Hatfield realizes the importance and nobility of his deed, calling to follow his example. Relationships within the family seem to be kind of ordinary. Being too serious and demanding all the time, Nic plays the role of the head that makes decisions and gives pieces of advice.

Accounting for investments under U.S. GAAP Personal Statement

Accounting for investments under U.S. GAAP - Personal Statement exampleInvestments are categorized as either long-term or short -term investments. Current investments are. Other investments that are not current are categorized as long-term investments (Epstein, Nach & Bragg, 2009). The U.S GAAP provides various standards for accounting for investments.The objective of U.S accounting standards that deal with property plant and equipment is to recommend treatment of property plant and equipment to enable users of monetary information have proper details regarding the enterprises investment in property, plant and equipment and changes in such investments. The main issues in accounting for PPE are recognition of the summations, finding of the assets carrying amounts, the appropriate depreciation charges and impairment losses that are supposed to be recognized in relation to these assets (Thornton, 2013).According U.S GAAP, Property plant and equipment include actual items that are 1 ) held for the purpose of production of goods and services, rental to others, or for administrative needs, 2) anticipated to be used for more than one period and, 3) It is probable that the future sparing benefits related with the items will flow to the enterprise and 4) the cost of the PPE can be measured reliably (Thornton, 2013).The cost of an item of PPE is the cash amount or its equivalent, give in acquiring the asset, commonly adjusted for amortization and other allocations after acquisition. If an enterprise recognizes a liability for retirement of an asset obligation, the carrying amount of the long-lived asset should be increased by an amount equivalent to the liability (Thornton, 2013).Routine maintenance costs should be expensed as they are incurred. Major inspection and touch costs can be expensed as incurred or capitalized and amortized to the subsequent major inspection or repair. Borrowing

Fame asylum Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Fame asylum - Essay ExampleWith only 2 weeks to teach his band how to clack in English, subscribe to them to learn how to dance, and get them whipped into perfect condition for their London South Bank performance. After an exhaustive search, his band Asylum was finally formed. Its members were David, Long, and Aaron. Now. lets get to meet the band members and their reason for seeking asylum.David is a just a simple Nigerian who has problems with commitment. Originally from Nigeria, he came to the UK 2 years ago after(prenominal) his mother died and he was hounded out of his village. He is currently a resident of Birmingham. He feels like the church building is his life and his life will end if the church is taken away from him. This is a connection he developed because it was his church that helped him flee persecution in his village by giving him a chance to acquire to England. He never k refreshed his father and he has no relatives in the UK so he took a huge chance in coming o ver to the new world where he would have to overcome loneliness. He never thought about going back to Nigeria despite the loneliness because he wanted to dwell away from that sad area of his past. With only $5 to spend on food and clothing everyday, he leads the hard life but he is preferably happy with his current lot in life. As Richard put it, Things must be pretty bad at base for him if he considers this an improvement.Long on the other hand, left Vietnam 3 years ago (at the time of filming) with his father who was trying to escape the repercussions of being a political dissident in his home country. They traveled across Asia and Europe in a lorry in order to make their way away from Vietnam. The father and son were separated during their journeying and Long found himself quite alone in the UK, never again having heard of or seen his father since the traffickers separated them during the trip. What keeps him going everyday is the hope that he will be allowed to stay legally in the UK

1.Its not just about the fuel - The challenges of sustainability Essay

1.Its not just about the fuel - The challenges of sustainability facing the car manufacturing - Essay ExampleGovernments are offering incentives in order to propagate sustainability goals.However, there has been a shift towards outsourcing manufacturing to developing economies from developed ones. This implies that competition is rife in the automobile industry. Additionally, this model stretches the supply chain across geographies, thus increasing greenhouse gas emissions in production. Sustainability goals may be perceived negatively by auto investors, who may think of them as additional expenditures. Engineering skills are dwindling in the developed world with several innovation decisions being make in outsourcing nations regrettably, most are not committed to sustainability. Tax regimes and complex human resource systems may be a force to reckon with in the sustainability agenda.Small and medium enterprises are also involved in the supply chain, especially those which provide sm all automotive parts. Some of them find it difficult to entre finance for their work. Incentives for research and development especially with regard to collaboration with other parties may be difficult. Certain governments have led the way in accompaniment automobile manufacturers and consumers in making sustainable car choices. Consumers are also learning about their role in enhancing intelligent mobility, as environmental concerns do not just end at manufacturing.Several manufacturers are now prioritising environmental issues in production. A number of them want to improve their internal fire engines. This ensures that waste recovery takes place in production. Additionally, they facilitate the integration of electric machines and combustion engines, thus minimising utility. Environmental issues have also led to innovation in enhancing the energy storage of automobiles and the material production of those items. Lightweight manufacture of products is becoming a key manufacturing goal. However, the

Sun Microsystems Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Sun Microsystems - Case Study ExampleSun Microsystems have good financial capabilities and ideas how to improve its position and increase productivity. Sun Microsystems forecasts developments, predicts logical consequences, translates them into potential opportunities, and plans to capitalize on profitable alternatives. In the company, the assessment of market opportunity is closely coupled to the innovative process. Market opportunity encourages innovation and stimulates and extends markets. In fact, the assessment of market opportunity may be considered one of the early phases of the total innovative process. to date innovation is not equated with market opportunity. Innovation requires the supportive system of marketing resources to cultivate opportunity. Both the stimulation of a continuing flow of ideas and products that can divulge satisfy wants and needs, and the supply of a marketing system to support them, are requisites of opportunity realization (Annual Report 2007).In ternational expansion and acquisition strategy forget Sun Microsystems to develop unique approach to marketing and boost sales. Jabbar developed a strategy that focused on five countries that were each potential billion-dollar-a-year markets for Suns innkeeper business. They were Brazil, Spain, China, India and Italy. Shareholders were optimistic about Suns potential for growth (Jacobs and Ensign 2008, C 237). Thus, for Sun a philosophy that competition is essential for innovation. For management expects new developments to destroy animate product positions. Assuredly, firms want to secure future opportunities and capture markets. New products are developed for this purpose. Innovations result in two groups of forces, militant and monopolistic. The monopolistic forces, or the detain action of competition, offer the innovator incentives to innovate. The competitive features diffuse the benefits of past innovations into the public domain. This puts the innovator under pressure to make further innovations if he is to maintain his competitive advantage and the better-than-minimum profits that go with it. Innovation is, then, one of the competitive tools of the business firm. It is a major means of creating a differential advantage, albeit sometimes short-lived. In adjusting to change, and in attempting to meet the demands of the marketplace, it must be managed, and programmed innovation is becoming one of the foundations of business strategy (Hollensen 2007). This places additional pressure on management to understand more amply the process of managing change and programming innovation through manipulation of knowledge. Innovation approaches manageability when participation in the process becomes part of the continuing responsibility of every(prenominal) levels of management. Sun develops the appropriate environment and set of attitudes to encourage innovation. Only then can a firm hope to deploy its resources most profitably in order to meet the challenge o f change. Innovating firms face a range of possible marketing policies (Annual Report 2007). 2. The chief elements of Suns strategy are acquisition strategy and investments, expended portfolio, trim down costs through unit volumes and consulting services. For Sun, innovation is a core of differentiation. This combination of strategic policies allows Sun to improve operating income by nearly $1.2 billion during the primary half of 2007 (Sun

IT Project management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

IT Project management - Essay ExampleIt is software designed by a comp both c eithered Uniplus and has been of great significance to the day-to-day operations of most academic institutions. To be precise, Uniplus entails a set of well-integrated software components, which facilitate efficient management of university information. It is divided into three main user approach shot levels, which include student portal, staff portal and top management portal. According to research, Uniplus has specifically been developed to enhance management of University data, which is for a sum of top institutions in Africa such as Egerton University.Uniplus has been of great significance particularly in promoting the business need of many institutions. For instance, at Egerton University, Uniplus was regarded as a very crucial motherfucker for ensuring that the University efficiently managing its revenues. As a result of its use, the university attained higher fee collection since it introduced se lf-service for students and improved access to information.Financially, the system is needed to ensure that all the institutions financial data is protected from any unauthorized access. This is a very crucial requirement in maintaining the financial stability of any business organization. The system has also been considered to be of great significance in ensuring the integrity of student performance data.As aforementioned earlier, Uniplus has been of great significance in the day-to-day operations of a University. The development of this project at Egerton University had been scheduled to be conducted within a period of six months. It is important to acknowledge that Uniplus party was very successful in ensuring that it delivered the project within the allocated time frame. In general, Uniplus, which is an integrated University management system, was finished on schedule (Petrides 60).A significant number of key stakeholders were involved in the development of this project. The to p one

CHAPTER 9 Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

CHAPTER 9 - Coursework ExamplePrior to the First World War, the Jewish immigrants and Palestinians coexisted peacefully despite the confusion created by Jewish inhabitation of the area. However, the events of the First World War resulted into a protracted religious and nationalistic conflict that persists to date (White 258-286).The British wanted to win the contend against the Germans. Therefore, it fuelled Arabs hostility against the Turks with the promise of establishing a united Arab country at the end of the way. Instead of establishing a united Arab country as it had promised, the British change integrity the region into territories governed by families. There territories rivaled each other leading to eventual emergence of independent states such as Syria, Iran, Jordan, Saudi Arabia and Gulf States. The British excessively promised the Jews that it will create a Jewish nation in Palestine. Creation of the state of Israel increased tension in the region which resulted into re peated wars between the Arabs and the Israel. Israel get the better of the Arabs in each of these wars forcing the Arabs to turn to terrorism.Change of international policies can prevent future occurrence of the conflict. The international community should play a key fiber in demarcating the boundaries separating the countries. In addition, the countries should recognize each other as a sovereign state and also respect their religious

Jocelyn Moorhouses How to Make an American Quilt Essay

Jocelyn Moorhouses How to Make an Ameri nookie Quilt - Essay ExampleHowever, when she asks Marianna who the latter would marry, Marianna shows her vulnerable side by saying I would marry my soul mate (American Quilt, 1995). Thereby she reveals the incident she has kept with her from her youth she met a man by chance, and ended up expense the evening with him, only to find out later, after discovering her inner connection with him, that he was married. Marianna has always been brave she has chosen whichever path her instincts read told her to follow. Perhaps this is why her character is the most colorful out of all the rest, and why she seems to be the most brilliant amongst the members of the quilting bee. Since she has chosen the right colors in the nomenclature of Anna (American Quilt, 1995), her life was much enhanced by it. In life, whatever choices we make have a consequence on our personality. A wrong choice does, standardised Anna says, dull the colors and hide the original beauty (American Quilt, 1995). This message, I would say, resonates in my life. I have always g oneness by instinct that is to say, I have always trusted my instincts, without knowing why, and have made choices based on it. One of the reasons I can identify with the character of Marianna in the movie is that, comparable her, I too follow my hearts desires. This practice has, indeed, enriched my life. I have always been, and still am, my own person. Sometimes this entails going against the grain, however, in the long run, I have noticed, that it always pays to be true to oneself. One has to be brave to stand up to the opposition of ones peers or your parents, but if one remains true to oneself, I feel ones life is all the more enriched for that very reason. Just like Marianna in the movie, I can easily say that I have had no regrets in life, because I have always stayed true to myself.

Project Appraisal Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

show Appraisal - Assignment Example..... 4 discussion 6 Recommendation..9. Conclusion10 Introduction Project appraisal is a structural process with which management uses to determine through narrow assessment the most viable project. From a well appraised project, great achievements can be achieved in case the project implementer applies the appropriate skills. Appraisal is done through assessment of data through assumptions and methodologies used when preparing a project. For instance, it involves the work flow, proposed financing, an assessment of the projects managerial aspects, cost estimating, finance validity, and how the project will be a acquire to society through factors like employment. Project appraisal happens in various types depending on the kind of project creation determined its viability. It therefore cover an abstract of techniques being used, managerial aspects of the firm, analysis social factors like income and employment, assesses the impact of financial judgments among other financial activities, determines how is the project viable in terms of economic undertakings. Project appraisal involves various discounted and undiscounted techniques. The undiscounted techniques include payback period, value added, capital-output ratio, an outlay of proceeds per unit, and average of the outlay of proceeds per unit. However, the discounted techniques may be listed as net gift worth, benefit cost ratio, internal rate of return, net benefit enthronisation ratio, sensitivity analysis and earnings before interest tax depreciation and amortization CEEU, 2005).. According to Ian, David & James, whenever the management is making decision it has to involve the above project appraisal techniques. To illustrate more of these, from our class work, students were given an online simulation test. As per the tests, students were so-called to think of themselves being the chief executive of the doll industry of US. They were supposed to do simulation for a period of five years (from 2009 to 2014) and it is the result they vanquish would be used to test their knowledge on various techniques of business appraisal. Activities Undertaken At the beginning of the project, the company had basic net revenue of 3.23. With the firms expansion aim, the net revenue was expected to increase. Consequently, the student had to decide on projects from the available data with an assumption that it was a representation of the real data gotten during the interrogation over the doll industry. The data could have included the past number of buyers of the product or the data recorded from market testing and the information tranquil from competitors websites. With their target being kids and their playing devices, the students had to keep on updating various products to enhance their marketability over that of their competitors. It was a call for more implementation of technological experiences into the products to mint with the increasing innovation in the world. Thus, to win parents heart, the products were developed being future oriented especially with what every parent could have dreamt of his kids and for the kids is about their dream being put in toy. Taking the managerial role, students tried to change the various rates of interest of the production, licensing and retail parts of the project. What students noted in that project. They affected investment analysis tools, but they only affected other output from the project after making a decision of investing on a particular proposition project. This means that, there are those basic

RFID in the Context of Customer Services Research Paper

RFID in the Context of Customer Services - Research Paper ExampleIn the modern business solid ground, there is a need for companies and firms to increase the quality of services they provide their customers or quality of goods and products they produce or manufacture. It is very hard for any smart set or a firm to regain popularity among their lost customers or improve their position in the market. To make a profit very often means to provide customers with bettor services. At the same time, a chosen marketing strategy of customers services improvement should be developed in compliance with the needs of the company their as alines, potential, set goals and many other internal and external factors. Moreover, with regards to a wide-spread nature of technological innovations, companies implement innovative technologies in customer services. In accordance with research conducted by Technology does more than enable the creation of new or improved services. It may also improve consisten t service standards of the company, and, what is more, important is to involve the customers in operations through self-service technology (Angeles 2005, p. 51). Therefore, the modern business world needs innovations. To keep pace with the globalized world every firm or company should meet new requirements and follow the developments of technologies. In order to appropriately introduce valuable innovative assets, it is relevant to assess their advantages and disadvantages. An individual-centered approach is spicy on the agenda in the modern business world. A customer is of crucial importance. The more customers the company has, the greater success comes. The relevance of RFID technology in the business world Taking into account the abovementioned issues of the modern business world, an innovative vision in the field of customer services can be illustrated by a high popularity of Radio Frequency Identification services. It is necessary to answer the question whether RFID technology is the best customers services implemented by the company to increase its sales?In order to answer this question, it is relevant to consider modern researchers and studies on RFID technology, its advantages, and disadvantages, its importance for the company and the customers.

Water from Iceland. Bottled Water Industry Speech or Presentation

Water from Iceland. Bottled Water Industry - Speech or Presentation ExampleIn his mind, as the case tells us, he had trade thoughts in his mind. Since his tour in Europe, fully funded by his parents as his graduation present, the weewees of Ice land fully captivated him. For one reason, he felt that he would do good business if he started a company that was to import this water to the United States. Ice land did not have any industries. Mainly, it relied on the fish export business for its income. The idea kept ticking in his mind until he made up his mind to conduct a commercialise research for the viability of his idea. Later in this presentation, I will discuss his findings after the research. After much thought, perhaps he realized he was more business oriented as he went into the research full throttle. It is interesting to find a fresh graduate contemplating on becoming an entrepreneur at the expenditure of a full time job. However, due to his business acumen, Otis was read y to make his idea a reality in case he be the industry viable enough. He was certain that if the idea were successful, the company would be a success. Water from Ice land tasted wonderful. In comparison to the United States water, what he tasted during his trip was great. He considered an imports company that would import water from Ice land and bottled it in the United States for the United States market. Armed with a business idea in his mind, he went to the market to conduct a market research ab off the American bottled water industry. ... Further, he gathered that there were several types of drinking water in the market. These were treated or processed water, mineral water, sparkling water, effervescence water and spring well water. Through the entire investigation, he realized that no water was from European region. This was a big opportunity for him. To make his dreams even appear more real, he realized that the consumption of water was increasing with time. four-spot reaso ns were responsible for this growth. Among these factors was increase awareness among the consumers of the impure nature of the city water supplies, increased dissatisfaction with the taste and odour of the city water, rising social influence and the increased desire for consumption of caffeine, sugar, and other coffee substances as well as soft drinks. Further, the highest consumers of bottled water were in the states of California, Texas, Florida, New York and Arizona. He also found out that the industry made numerous profits annually both on the retail and sweeping business. For instance, in 2001, a total of $6.5 billion accrued from wholesale alone and $7.7 billion in retail. In the recent years, some companies had started importing water. Although this kept rising, between 1998 and 2000 the volumes had declined. He discovered that ice land in unique(predicate) accounted for only 0.05% market share of the total water merchandise into the United States. With this information, O tis extended his research on two significant countries in his imported water from Ice land. The United States bottled water regulation and the economic condition of Ice land. Regulation of the bottled water industry in the United States was both at the federal government level and by various states government levels. While some states had stringent

How successful has David Cameron been at keeping the Conservative Essay

How successful has David Cameron been at keeping the Conservative Party united since 2010 - Essay physical exertionDavid Cameron and Liberal Democrat leader, Nick Clegg claimed that their actions were of necessity due to the spiraling national debt. As of 2013, Conservative party was the largest single party in signal of Commons with its 303 members and still the largest party in local government with 9,391 Councilors. The party is the most powerful in United Kingdom and largest British party in the European Parliament since it has 25 Members of the European Parliament (Quinn, 2012). The strength of the party is also demonstrated by the fact that it is the third largest party in Scotch Parliament and second largest party in Welsh Parliament. Conservative party internal divisions have been evident on the UKs relationship with the EU, but David Cameron has use various methods to manage intra-party divisions and unify the party leaders (Beckett, 2012, para 3). Some unifying technique s include policy compromise, referendum pledges, and low-cost dissent. Thesis statement David Cameron has successfully unbroken the Conservative party united since 2010. ... At the same time, Cameron is geared at ensuring stable Afghanistan and ultimate withdrawal of British troops by 2015 (Cole & Deighan, 2012). David Cameron has been able to use up Britain back to work through creating more than 1 million employment opportunities since he became the Prime Minister in 2010. The government policies have led to more than 1.5 million apprenticeships and more than 2,000 families have been accepted to buy homes using mortgages each month. Conservative party has managed to slash down the top income tax rate to 45 percent from 50 percent and there are plans to lower it further to 40 percent. David Cameron is committed to partys economic policies reducing public spending hallow to control budget deficit through merging or abolishing some public bodies and removing barriers to job crea tion (Kulahci, 2012). The number of UK businesses has reached a record last to 4.9 million and the government is committed to helping the businesses create more jobs through cutting National Insurance for each business by 2,000 pounds and Prompt stipend Code for supplies of small businesses to bigger firms. According to Hart & Carr (2013), David Cameron has dealt with the issue of same-sex marriage that presented possible splits by seeking labour votes in Parliament in order to defeat a legislation that was aimed at introducing same-sex marriages. The opposition of same-sex marriages is not entirely based on the ethical grounds raised during the debate since the benchmark voting record on the issue is consistent thus highlighting remarkable consistent and unity of the party towards the issue (McNaught, 2012). David Cameron has successfully managed the issue of referendum on stinting independence through offering

Spanish Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Spanish - Essay ExampleLa competencia en los mercados internacionales a causado que muchas empresas reconsideren su cyclo supplidores check bit optimizar la eficiencia de las empresas. En paises desarroyados como Estados Unidos y Inglaterra muchas companies exportan fases de su producion para usus costos atraves de la exportacion de trabajos. Por ejemplo si Ford Motors decide producir la suspension de sus vehiculos en China para bajar costo eso ayuda a la empresa poder proveer mejores precios a sus consumidores.El publico en general aveces esta bajo la presumcion que la exportacion de trabajo es mala para la economia porque se pierden trabajos directos. Se una fabrica cierra y se muda para otro lugar parace que el resultado de expertacion de trabajo es negativo. El ejemplo dado en el corto plazo el impactacto a pais que piede afecta adversamenta la economia de una region. Para mejor evaluar dicho escenario hay que visualizar el efecto del evento en el mediano y largo plazo. En el lar go plazo la exportacion de trabajo tiene efectos positivos como la restructuracion economica para mejorar la competividad del pais, precios mas bajos en la material prima de las empresas, y mejorar las validad de vida del ciudadanos en paises en via al dessarollo como por ejemplo Argentina. En el mediado plazo cuando empresas contrata a empresas extranjeras para realizar una porcion de su production el efecto en el empleo de empresas nativas es positivo porque ayuda a incrementar la ganacia de los empresarios.La exportacion de trabajos tambien se puede interpretar como la imigracion de talento humano local a otras regiones. Debido a la alta demanda de profesionales en diversos campos especializados como medicina, ingenieria, y biotecnologia en la economia mucha personas optan por mudarse a otras partes del mundo en busca de oportunidades. El libre traffico de capital humana le conviene a todas las naciones debido a que todos los paises tiene deficit en talento y diversas concentraci ones

Confucianism vs. Daoism Essay Example for Free

Confucianism vs. Daoism EssayConfucianism and Daoism, although are intermingled among people who practice them, have precise different views on what is necessary to kick the bucket an exemplary psyche. Confucianism is based on the thought that didactics, history, structure, rules and regulation get out lead to achievement and becoming fully human. Daoists, although they believe in effect, hate structure, do non believe in education, and feel wandering, or going with the flow, being with nature, is most weighty in life. part education is most important to Confucianism, it is least important to Daoism. Confuciuss believe that by means of education one is able to move up in cabaret. Education is the energy or power that enables a person to climb the social ladder, so to speak. Daoism believe very different. For them, the most important thing is connecting with nature. To be like free flowing water and to find your level, or connecting with nature, allows one to become a v irtuous person. Daoism and Confucianism have very different views on education within their religion.The importance of history is another example of the differences among Confucianism and Daoism. While history is an important part of Confucianism and what helps them to achieve higher status, Daoists do not believe the past is important, they believe in spontaneity, and the importance to go with the flow and bouncy in uniformity with nature.For Confuciuss, rituals, etiquette and maintaining status quo, bring tranquility. There are five roles with relationships, ruler/subject, parent/child, husband/wife, elder brother/younger brother, and friend/friend, which Confucians believe, on with the five virtues human-heartedness, justice, propriety, wisdom and faithfulness, produce social order and full human beings. For Daoists the history is not important or relevant, it is the wandering, having no way, or going with the flow, that will help find the way itself.Each of these religions ha s their own thought as to what will make one fully human and how to achieve the highest value in life. For Daoists, they believe the problem is that we let life slip away and think the solution is to live life to the fullest and flourish like nature.They believe that this is only possible if we live life in harmony with the natural rhythms of the Dao, which is the natural way, imitating nature. Confuciuss have a different mindset, because they believe that through hard work and education they are able to move up in society helping them to flourish and become more human and achieve their highest value in society. some(prenominal) Confucianism and Daoism want to become fully human and achieve their highest level unless they have very different views on how to achieve this end.To live in harmony for Daoists is to flourish with the nature of things. They believe that humans are made to flourish like trees, but this is only possible if we live in harmony with nature. This is thoroug hgoing(a) through the Dao. According to Daoists, when we give into formal education, social conventions, and rituals we die a little each day by acting intentionally and not with the heart.This leads to idea too much and not going with the flow or with nature. In Confucianism this is quite opposite because by acting intentionally and hobby social order, through education, social conventions and rituals, they believe this makes up more human. Confucians believe that through social structure and obedience we can live in harmony with each other. For Confucians the goal is social order. They believe that the problem is chaos and worried about society falling apart without social order. These 2 religions, although they both want harmony, have a very different way to achieve this.One of the major aspects of Confucians is to incline yourself to listen rather than speak, to follow the rule and behave in the proper manor. This is not true for Daoists who believe in following nature, not t o think but to just go with it. Confucians feel that our actions should have a purpose and that in order to sustain social order we must act according to our status, traditions, and follow Li, which means to arrange in order. Also important to Confuciuss is etiquette, customs, manners, ceremony, courtesy, niceness and propriety. Li and ren are two important concepts in Confuciuss thought because they both lead to self-cultivation and social harmony.Ren, which is human-heartedness, is inward and subjective, li, ritual, etiquette, and propriety, is outward and objective. While li and ren are important to Confucius, the Dao is important to Daoists. The Dao, or the way, is the way of untamed nature and real human life. Through the Dao there is an authentic natural order that results.Although these two religions are quite different in their fundamental thinking it is important to note that they do work to complement each other in their societies. multitude in china feel Daoists adopted Confucius as one of their own. Each of these two religions coexists. The text explains this well when it says, Confucianisms communitarianism and Daoisms individualism, Confucianisms formalism and Daoisms flow, the hard yang of Confucianism and the soft yin of Daoism. It is said that they are Confucians at work, Daoists on the weekend and Buddhists at death. This goes to say that these religions can be intertwined throughout this society and people do not need to adopt and follow just one religion.In conclusion it is important to note that, although these two religions have very different ideologies, they do work to create peace and serenity. They both do not believe in a God but in a higher power and promote becoming fully human to achieve that higher power. I find it interesting how different the concepts in these religions are but yet how people can acclimate themselves to being both Confucians and Daoists at the same time. For how different each of these religions are I can und erstand how following order and knowing your place is society is important as well is connecting with nature to find your true self.Works CitedChan, Alan K.L.Daoism. April 2013. http//www.oxfordbibliographies.com.Confucianism. China during time of Confucius. 2007. http//www.highbeam.comConfucianism. Encyclopedia Britannica online. http//www.britannica.comConfucianism set and order. Faces People, Places, and Cultures. May 2010. www.highbeam.com.Daoism (Chinese philosophy and religion). Encyclopedia Britannica. www.britannica.com.Miller, James. 2013 August. Daoist Studies. Daoism and Daoist Studies. http//www.daoiststudies.org/

Vanity Fair Essay Example for Free

Vanity Fair Es understandVanity Fair, an English novel writ tenner by William Makepeace Thackeray (United Kingdom slug Magazine, January 1847 July 1948), epitomizes the early 19th century of British society of the duplicity of social climbers, sabotages, avarices, hunch forwardlessness, pretentiousness, selfishness. It, at the same prison term, captures mix pack of emotion of slew who give up their pedigree and counterpart in society as a whole. Furtherto a greater extent, it is a satirical expose of Williams masterpiece which exposes every chunk of the repulsive truth in the real society, not only in the 19th century, but similarly in our contemporary world. In the story Vanity Fair, it depicts a few decades time of a group of British peoples life in 19th century. The novel opens at Miss Pinkertons Academy, where we be introduced to Amelia Sedley and Rebecca Sharp (Becky), the novels female protagonists. Amelia and Becky are friends, but they are completely the opposite s. Amelia is kind and innocent and comes from a loaded family. Becky, in contrary, is cunning, clever, and scheming and emerges from a deprived condition.The story continues when Becky spends her time at the Sedleys and ingratiates herself into the family and tries her best(p) to entice Amelias brother, Joseph, an obese inept man. She practically succeeds her attempt, when George Osborne presents and foils this plan he intends to marry Amelia and does not want a governess for a sister-in-law. Then, Becky works as governess at Queens Crawley, and marries Rawdon Crawley, second son of Sir Pitt Crawley. Consequently from this wedding ceremony, Rawdons easy aunt, Matilda, disinherits him. Meanwhile, Amelia pines over George, who disrespects and disregards her while he is in the military.Dobbin, Georges closest friend who is also surreptitiously in love with Amelia, begs him to treat her kindly. George at long last agrees to marry Amelia, but just as his father prophesied, the Sedley s come to business crisis. Georges father disowns him because of the marriage. Both couples endeavor to live arduously. Sadly, George dies in the booking field at Waterloo. Both Amelia and Becky deliver babies. Amelia sends Georgy, her son, to live with the Osbornes because of her dreadful situation. When Sir Pitt dies, young Mr. Crawley, Rawdons elder brother, inherits the estate and Aunt Matildas money.Becky once again ingratiates herself with a man named victor Steyne, who brings her out into high society. After Rawdon discovers that Becky neglects to get him out of prison, where he has landed himself for unpaid debts, he is finally convinced that money means everything to Becky, and he finally decides to leave to Coventry Island where he dies of yellow fever. At the end, Dobbin returns to England, and he finds Amelia. Dobbin stays to help Amelia care for her son. Mr. Osborne dies and leaves his money for Amelia and Georgy, and three of them set rack up to Europe, where they find Becky.Becky confesses to Amelia that she had been developing a relationship with George, and Amelia finally sees George for who he really was, and marries Dobbin. I was feeling excited and miserable simultaneously by the authors writing that truly indicates just about social discrimination, emphasizing on wealth and social rank/status, which immensely reflected the reality world. I learned that everything is all about the prominent reputation If Mr. Joseph is rich and unmarried, why shouldnt I marry him? I have only a few weeks, to be sure, but theres no harm in trying(P. 3 L. 2) Becky wanted to climb up from where she was, the place she did not really think she belongs to, by seducing and alluring a rich guy.Although, she didnt succeed at first place, when George ceased the marriage on the account of not wanting a governess for sister-in-law, still she perfectly managed to scheme her way up to the top of the heap without demonstrating and being cautious about morality she us ed all her estimablely cunning and deceiving ability to obtain what she desired social ranking and money. Moreover, the marriage of Amelia and George was undermined by Georges father.It infers that social status and wealth keister determine everything, it even thoroughly eradicates your massive effort In fact, unless Sedleys can pay me ten thousand pounds now, there forget be no marriage between you and Amelia Sedley. (P. 24 L26) I was really upset with this false values and practices of society, even though I know that there still exists in our real world. However, the author did not just portray one side of a thing, he also provided the mixture of evil and good in the story, just as in our recent real contemporary world. There were or so good people such as Amelia, Lady Jane, William Dobbin and more.Due to the good-naturedness and generosity of Amelia, she was truly loved by the gentleman, Dobbin throughout the whole story. I have loved and watched you for cardinal years, ( P. 110 L2) At the end of the story, I could see that they lived happily ever after, except for Becky who is so despicable that even her own son didnt consent to have her as a mother, and she deserved it. It opens up my eyes and makes me realize that you may encounter some horrendous time in life, but once and for all, you will be rewarded from what you have conceived.I also caught the book so very interesting of how the author has created the factual truth by implying the power of charm and viewer can sometimes be unpredictably venomous. According to the book In fact, he was convinced that Becky was in love with him, unable to resist such a handsome, charming fellow as himself (Page 43 Line1) It obviously showed that Rebecca has successfully concocted trap to deceive George to fall for her and gained all the benefit to herself by pulling George to play porker with her adept husband.These are all done by the adeptly ingratiating and the undoubtedly talented nature of a person. After I read this story, I was once again alarmed to see that a person like Becky can be so meretricious she can take advantage over other people around her just to achieve her falsely audacious goal. To my perspective, I strongly admire her aptitude in manipulating and convincing other to be enthralled by her charming appearance in order to survive in the high society George thought Becky clever, amusing, stylish, and altogether delightful. (Page 32 Line15)However, I am extremely repulsed and stir by her achievements. From what men have observed and understood, they should be cautious with the woman like Becky, even though they usually fail in doing so and eventually get poisoned by the delicate little venomous snake. What a slippery little snake that woman is (Page 42 Line14) As Khmer old grammatical construction say that women are full of tricks (not necessarily all are bad) and Rebecca is definitely one of those.Not to be harsh to women, but I am not saying that all women are not trust-worthy, yet for men, we ought to be aware of what women are capable of doing and not be too hasty to trust someone. As nutrition in Vanity Fair, money, possessions and positions are being enormously valued more important than human beings. The setting could be applied in modern times, and it can still be true today. There are many people who are constantly trying to reach the top of the heap, selling themselves for popularity, money, or position, and some fighting over money/inheritance.However, people will eventually realize that those things will not remain immortal. Last but not least, the author wants to swear us that although we may live in vanity, the greatness of reputation and possession, it does not mean that we are slaves to its values, which in the final analysis turn into futility and emptiness. We should value more on the relationship, harmony and loyalty that are not easily attained. Vanity Fair is a long yet worthwhile reading. From my perspective, Vanity Fair is a classic and must-read novel that you would not want to miss reading it.

University professors pay Essay Example for Free

University professors pay EssaySince professor is such a demanding job, and its append is so less, its replacibility is low and thus its price is comparatively high. In contrary, highroad cleaner is not as demanding career as professors, it requires low requirements of knowledge, low lookout on outsiders, time and m wizardy used for training a street cleaner is less. In general, everyone commode be a street cleaner and so its replacibility is low.The responsibility of being a street cleaner is simple. They are just responsible to clear the street every day, so the corresponding pressure is cheap for everyone. Thus, the demand of being a street cleaner is lower and its supply is so high, its pay will be comparatively low. Also, on the technological perspective, professor can be said to be a professional educator, which needs many technology such as computer, telecommunication devices as the teaching aid , but street cleaner is just a simple job, they need some simpletool s uch as cleaning car, water pipe and other washing machines.Not only the types o technologies are different, and also the trustment varies. As those technology used on teaching needs cutting-edge and large amount of machine is needed in order to provide enough equipment for students, so a great deal of money is needed to invest on technology. However, for street cleaner, one cleaning machine can be served several districts, and so the amount needed is less, the investment is comparatively low.Referring to Lenskis technological perspective, the one used better technology should be paid more while the one used cheaper technology should be paid less, therefore a street dry cleaners pay should not be similar to university professors pay. With the analyses on social perspective, economic perspective and technological perspective, it is believed that the variation of payment between street cleaners and professors should be existed so that the development on all aspects can be continued. It is no doubt that the existence on payment variation may refuse the social inequality, but it is also believed that the inequality can be solved in some other ways such as the rich can help the poor through the donation and visit. This kinds of activities can reduce their conflict and so we can still live in a harmony atmosphere.References Bilton, Tony et al. (2002), precedent Sociology (4th edition), Basingstoke Palgrave. Giddens, Anthony (2001), Sociology (4th edition), chapter 3 A Changing World, pp. 50-64.. Macionis, John 2003 Social Stratification, in John Macionis Society The Basics , chapter 8, pp. 187-198. Kreckel, R. 1980. Unequal opportunity structure and labour market segmentation. Sociology 14525-550.

Code of Ethics and Safety in Engineering

Code of Ethics and preventativety in EngineeringAbstractWith a fail- skilful product, we nourish no worries of using it beca expend thither is no jeopardy that going to occur. But we must(prenominal)(prenominal) have intercourse that noaffair in this world is perfect. Any adventure clear happen to any one of us egress there. Engineer al slip guidance involve themselves with convention and creation of new things which demand for a ripe quality and safer product. Safe be after must comply with the applicable law, requires knowledge and capability, must attempt to foresee potential misuses of the product, must meet regular of recognised placeing practice and must verify all final practice. After the mold that being followed by the railroad engineer themselves, so it is up to the user to use it in the right way. This project is expected to give aw argonness to the engineer ethic course student on the margin essay, safety and diagonal in the real world.INTRODUCTION What grass we say rough Engineering Code of Ethics in this topic? To be simple, it is related to the engineers to produce products that be safe for the caller. It is also chief(prenominal) that they be the main role in preventing accidents of their invention. We must know that nothing can be 100% safe and perfect, simply hitherto engineers are required to coif products as safe as pretty potential.1Firstly, we must know that safety is about freedom from the occurrence or attempt of injury, danger or loss. So, engineers have to follow the process or objecting his product in order to hasten it safe as possible. Safe design is a process of hazard identification mainly at the design stage or controlling take chances as early as possible to health and safety in the planning and design of products, strategys or process. Through risk assessment, design option allow for be generated to eliminate Occupational health Safety (OHS) hazards or to minimize OHS risks of injury to t hose who make the product and to those who employ it.3In response to societal demands for safer products and expireplaces, governments, businesses, engineers and separates who are involved in innovation are requiring that safety be a fundamental principle in design. radiation diagram is a fundamental engineering activity. Engineer al ways involve in design, culture and creation of new or improved products, process, systems and services. Hence, quality and safety in design should be fundamental in engineering concerns, not only to realise that the code of engineering ethic is to be practiced but also to maintain a good reputation in engineering profession for snap off sense to develop products, processes and systems.3Safe design plays a big role in design objective, including practicability, cost and the functionality of the de sign-product. Safe design is the process of successfully achieving a balance of these objectives.To discover a total safety in a design, safe design m otifs an chthonicstanding of the each stage in the career of a designed product, starting with the initial conception to the end life of the product. Poor design can result in low productivity, high maintenance, higher employment and role players compensation expenses and reduced as stupefy life. These economic costs are in addition to human costs of injury, illness, disease and disability.3As we all know that accidents can always occur in anytime. It is usually happened on the user itself although the product that being used is already being design in term of safety and the usage too. It is case to case basis situation. It depends on whom to be blame. It may depend that engineers sometime bear no responsibility for any accident that happened. However, engineer must understand that the system or products that he is working(a) on and to attempt to be creative in dislodge out how things can be designed to avert as many mistakes by people using the technology as possible.1As we design something, we must also regard the manual and procedure for the use of the device or technology of the design. It is for the user itself. Engineers have to follow the design rules and in fact they have to pay the risk by designing something so that any accident can be averted. By generating the owners manual, maybe the user can use the device or the technology in the right way and it also can reduce the chances of getting any accident that can lead to death or injury. So engineers are innate(p) to help the people in the world by inventing the advance technology and designing it with the prospect of safety too.SAFE DESIGN CRITERIAS1) Safe Design must comply with the applicable lawAll the design must meet their proper(postnominal)ations and standards to ensure a good and safe design. Federal safety laws are contrastive for each departments or industries. For example, International Maritime Organization (IMO) has an important part to play for adopting legislation for ships. IMOs safety legislation deals with the ship and passenger while The SOLAS (Safety of emotional state at Sea) do concern with passenger safety and with lifesaving equipment on passenger ships. While for electrical field, The National Electrical Safety Code (NESC) is a set of rules to safeguard people during the installation, operation, and maintenance of electric power lines. The NESC contains the basic purvey considered necessary for the safety of employees and the public. Although it is not intended as a design specification, its provisions establish minimum design requirements. PPL Electric Utilities Corp. (PPL) has developed design specifications and safety rules which meet or surpass all requirements specified by the NESC.32) Safe Design requires knowledge and capabilityIn this case, engineers need to have and be able to demonstrate required knowledge about the design that he or she is about to build. They must have knowledge about the workplace hazards and any harmful effect because some of the design or project involves the prevention that may have potential to release hazardous material or energy. Such incidents will affect the environment such as toxic effects, fire or fusillade and will drive to other consequences such as serious injuries, post footing and loss production. These are the basis possibilities that engineers must concern and implement ways to avoid any danger causes.43) Safe Design must attempt to foresee potential misuses of the productEngineers are professionally responsible for ensuring that their products or system are safe enough before they are established. They are legally bounded through law and regulations to ensure that their designs are safe from concept through disposal. To ensure a safe design, engineers must foresee the possibilities about the misuses of the products and implement ways to minimize the cautions of product misuses by the users. By adopting a safe design approach, it is possible to design-out health and safety hazards to create a design options that meet both clients need and our obligations as an engineer.24) Safe Design must meet standard of accepted engineering practice.Accepted engineering practice is a safety issues that involve fundamental ideas about how we view the world and what we believe is important and right. A designer has a responsibility to ensure that their conceptions do not put the others on risk. They cant just create the design by simply push aside insignificant risk even it consumes lots of cost. For example, it might be less important for a small house to install lightning protection but it is a must for such a large factories or tower to do so and to meet the standard of specification.35) Safe Design must verify every final designFor good engineers, they must always find alternatives about how to improve their current products to improve safety effect besides implementing new ways of design. However, after designing, the products and finished devices must b e tested rigorously to see whether the products are safe and meet the specifications needed. For fresh graduate engineers, they would be expected to work under the supervision and guidance of to a greater extent go through engineers, while they gain experiences. This is very important as fresh engineer will attempt to make more mistakes as they have lack of experiences.2DESIGNING FOR precautionSafety is generally interpreted as implying a real and significant impact on risk of death, injury or damage to property. In response to perceived risks many interventions may be proposed with engineering responses and regulation being two of the close to honey oil. Better safe than sorry by Bruce Erion, President of the National Broadcast Pilots Assn, a simple but crucial for designers to bear with. One version of the process for safety design, taken from the finding of Wilcox will be thoroughly elaborated. Some of the feelings are including defining the problem and generate as well as a nalysing several solutions before implementing the designConsideration of safety should be an integral part of the design process at the various stages. Designers should assess the design as it progresses and if any significant hazard is identified the design should be altered to eliminate the hazard where reasonably practicable, or otherwise to reduce the risk where reasonably practicable 4. As the design progresses from concept to detail, consideration of safety issues moves from general aspects to specific aspects. The most important contribution that a designer can believably make is at the concept and early design development stages of a project when project-wide and system hazards are being considered.Another important thing that an engineer needs to consider is to minimize the inherent danger in the process as could as possible. It is good if we can excluded any potential danger in our design rather that to cope with or otherwise avoided Hence, dangerous substances or reacti ons are re dictated by less dangerous ones, and this is preferred to using the dangerous substances in an encapsulated process3. Trevor Kletz said that to eliminate the hazard completely or reduce its magnitude sufficiently to eliminate the need for elaborate safety systems and procedures. Furthermore, this hazard elimination or reduction would be accomplished by means that were inherent in the process and thus permanent and inseparable from it.Here we focus on the specific area of pertaining to engineering design. We believe that engineering design constitutes an interesting starting point for ethical issues in engineering, both for educational and research purposes 3. The first step that designer need to consider is to define the needs and requirements and often involves determining the constraints. Consideration of safety should be an integral part of the design process at the various stages. Designers should assess the design as it progresses and if any significant hazard is ide ntified the design should be altered to eliminate the hazard where reasonably practicable, or otherwise to reduce the risk.Before some design has been done, we must consider all the pros and cons before implementing every single one. We have to recognise if there any design trade off of the products. In order to build a trough for example, Stadium A gives a more astounding structure but less safe compared to Stadium B that is very safe but the structural design is not that remarkable. Which one will we choose to build? Here, we need to generate several solutions in order to decide the best selection to choose but as a good designer, safety is always be the main priorityHence, after several solutions have been listed with their advantages as well as disadvantages, they need to be analysed. Safer products, processes and systems will result and that ultimately benefits business and society generally, now and in the long term, because it minimises injury and illness and provides for a better social and workplace environment. This step involves determining the consequences of each design solution and determining whether it solves the problem. The aspect of the design process is connected to, or brings about possible negative consequences, for people other than the designers involved hence it is a must for engineer to test the solution whether they are safe enough before each of product has been released. Then after completing the solution testing, the design is ready to implement.In the nutshell, safety must come first in every design to avoid any unwanted accidents in the future and subsequent criminal or well-mannered action against usRISK-BENEFIT ANALYSISRisk-benefit analysis is the comparison of the risk of certain cases to its related benefits in the real world. Exposure to personal risk is accepted as a normal aspect of every daily routine life in human being. We accept a certain level of risk in our lives as necessary in order to obtain some particular be nefits. In most of these risks one feels as though he or she have some sort of control over the real situation. For example, driving a car is a risk most people take every day. The controlling factor appears to be their perception of their private ability to manage the risk-creating situation. However, analysing the risk of a situation is very dependent on the individual that doing the analysis. When individuals are exposed to involuntary risk or risk which they have no control, they tend to avoid the risk that they faced. Under these conditions, the individuals will favor to have the risk to be as much as one thousand times smaller than for the same situation under their perceived control.7Let us consider the adequacy of this way of dealing with uncertainty with the help of the simple conceptual model of risk circumspection described by Figure 1. It characterises risk management as a non-monetized form of cost-benefit analysis.Figure1 simple conceptual model of risk managementThe model postulates thateveryone has a propensity to take risksthis propensity varies from one individual to anotherthis propensity is influenced by the potential rewards of risk takingperceptions of risk are influenced by experience of accident losses ones own andothersindividual risk taking decisions represent a balancing act in which perceptions ofrisk are weighed against propensity to take riskaccident losses are, by definition, a consequence of taking risks the more risks anindividual takes, the greater, on average, will be both the rewards and losses he orshe incurs.6To make it simple, there are one-third kind of risk as shown in the figure 2.Figure 2 three kinds of risksVirtual risks are products of the imagination which work upon the imagination. The less conclusive the wisdom relating to a particular risk, the more liberated are peoples imaginations. directly perceptible risks are managed instinctively and intuitively. Science illuminates many of the connections between be haviour and consequence, sometimes so successfully that previously invisible risks become directly perceptible. However estimates of such probabilities are usually of limited value to those seeking guidance about what to do in the face of uncertainty. There are at least as many problems attaching to the probability estimates as there are to the value estimates by which they are multiplied.6ACCIDENTAccident is an unexpected event that will be interrupt any completion of an activity, and that may be include injury or property damage. . Work accidents can occur due to unsuitable protective clothing and gear and insufficient training or non training. Injury can also be caused by careless co- workers and poor lighting. The employers should provide safe place of working, safe system of working and safe methods of working. When the accident was investigated, the important part is to find out what is the causes of the accident. It will use as a guideline in order to prevent similar accident in the future. The objectives of the investigation accident is actually to find out the facts that can guide to take the actions and not to find the fault. The investigation of the accident can be conducted by someone who have experienced in accident causation and have experienced about investigation technique. Besides that, the person must be have a knowledgeable about the working process or condition, the procedures and the person involve.1Most of the accident happen maybe because of some human error or else. For example, when doing the investigation, the accident is occur due to the worker carelessness. The accident happen still must be to investigate if there are not involve any injury or property damage because any hazards can be corrected for in the future apply.Accident can be considered into a several type which is adjectival, engineered and the systemic. For procedural accident, it is the most common happen and it will give the someone to make a bad decision or choice and will not follow the established procedures. The procedural accident are quite well to understood and can be minimize with the appropriate way for example with the given training to the workers, more supervision, and must have laws or regulations .For engineered accident, it caused by flaw in the design. Failures in the choice of material, devices not operating correctly, devices or parts not operating well under all circumstances. Engineered failure should be anticipated in the design stages and should be caught and corrected during testing. However, it not always to anticipate in every condition that will be encountered, and sometimes testing doesnt occur over the entire range of possible operating condition. Engineered accident cam be understood and alleviated as more knowledge is gain through testing and actual experienced in the field.1For systemic accident, it is quite hard to understand and not easy to control it. They are characteristic of every complex technologies and the complex organizations that are required to operate them. For example in air passage industry which have a very perplex system that involve many working people including baggage handler, machine, pilot, and so on. In designing some project, there are so difficult to point out any systemic accident since there are many small and seemingly insignificant factor that can be considered. As the designer and engineer, we mull to understand the complexity of the system working and try to design something which the accident occur can be minimized. trip STUDYCASE STUDY FOR SAFETY DESIGN miscue Study 1Safe DesignEmployee received electric shock while trying to adjust damaged connector linking take operated box to photocopier.50mm connector jutting out at 90o on side of copierunsafe workplace-equipment layout obstructing access to electrical power outletPreventive Actions open up case worksite preventive / brainstorming session with staff thru process of consultation, hazard ID, risk cont rol measures.Re-layout photocopier and book shelfCase Study 2Safe design Nov 2004Exhaust fumes from diesel engine at basement got into the air conditioning intakes on Floors 4 to 7, building was evacuated.When building was first built, there was no restriction to exhaust ventilation.With development, adjacent buildings were causing environmental restriction to existing exhaust ventilation systems, creating unsafe and uncomfortable workplace environment strict action Building owner to fixPreventive ActionsDevelopment Act LG admin controlsBCA building regulations controlsBuilding Designers responsibilityCase Study 3Safe design Jan 2005Maintenance worker received electric shock after coming into contact with an LIVE evaporative cooling system isolation switch fill with water.Cause Water droplets from the filter pad splashed onto the fan-motor power cable and gradually gained entry into the conduit and switch housing through gravity feed.Safe Design ConsiderationInstall a 90o elbow fa cing downwards at the cable entry point from the inside of unit to create the lowest leaning point by design.Sealing the conduit entry point with silicone rubber or equivalent may not provide a permanentbarrier.CASE STUDY FOR ACCIDENTCase Study 4Collapse of Stadium TerengganuImage of Terengganu Stadium CollapseIn 2 JUNE 2009, the Stadium of Terengganu wear out after one year of being built. It was officially opened by the Yang di-Pertuan agong sultan Mizan Zainal Abidin. The roof of the stadium is named after him in Gong Badak, Kuala Terengganu collapsed in early cockcrow of 2 June 2009 and causing damage to the few cars that was park in the vicinity. Fortunately no one was injured in this accident.The frame structure of the roof of the 50,000-seat stadium came crashing down around 7.30 am and none of the stadium staff were at the premises yet. 60 percent of the roof at the stadium that was built at a cost of RM270 million and opened on 10 May 2008, collapsed, including that above the royal box at the grand stand. Overall damage was estimated at RM35mil.Meanwhile, even after the debris from the 2,500-tonne roof has been cleared, the Terengganu government isunable to say if the stadium is safeas the impact of the collapse is not known. Some causes of the collapse of this new stadium were identified. It is maybe because of components used and work quality did not meet the specifications design factor was not appropriate roof was not constructed properly quality control was not carried out at the project site weak supervision during the construction process lack of skilled workers and shortage of experts and experienced consultants.A notice has been issued to the contractor to repair the 50,000-seat Sultan Mizan Zainal Abidin Stadium which is the biggest stadium in the East Coast but no response so far9.Case Study 5The Crash of Valujet Flight 592Image of Valujet Flight 592In May 1996, Valujet Flight took off from Miami International Airport, heading for Atlanta .Theis Valujet Flight offered cheap fares to Florida and other popular destinations. It cost savings were achieved in part by hiring other companies which is Sabre Tech to perform many of the routine operations that keep an airline flying including the routine task of replacing oxygen generator canisters in some of its DC-9s.The canisters are located above the passenger seats and are used to provide oxygen to the passengers through masks should the cabin pressure somehow lost. The canisters contain a core of sodium chlorate, which is activated by a small volatile charge. This small explosion is initiated when the passenger pulls the oxygen mask toward herself. A chemical reaction within the canisters liberates oxygen, which the passenger breathes through the mask. During use, the surface temperature of the canister can be as high as 500F, which is normally not a problem, since the canister is well ventilated. To ensure that the canister will operate properly when needed, the oxyge n generator canisters must be replaced periodically.Valujet maintenance rules made it clear that when the canisters are removed, a bright yellow safety cap must be installed on them to ensure that the explosive charge is not inadvertently set off. Unfortunately, Sabre Tech didnt follow this rule while performing this work. Instead, tape was applied where the caps should have been gone, and the canisters were placed in five cardboard boxes and left on a shelf in the hangar. However, two of the Sabre tech mechanics marked on the paperwork that the caps had been installed and signed off on the job.Within minutes after leaving the runway, the DC-9s electrical system started to fail and the cockpit and passengers cabin began filling with smoke. The pilots immediately called the Miami tower for permission to degenerate and began to descend and turn back toward the airport. However, the situation becomes worsened because of fire started melting the control cables and the pilots become shr ouded in smoke. The plane suddenly banked sharply and descended rapidly. The descent was so fast and causes the traffic control radar in Miami no longer able to register an altitude for the airplane. Amazingly, either through the efforts of the pilot or because the robot pilot come back on, the plane becomes leveled off again. The airplane was now at only 1000 feet above the ground. The air traffic controllers in Miami radioed the pilots and attempted to pass around the aircraft to the closer airport at Opa Locka, Florida. Instead, the plane was rolled sharply to the right and facing nose down crashed into the Everglades. The two pilots, three flight attendants and 105 passengers on board were killed instantly in this accident.The subsequent investigation into this accident indicated that the fire was caused by the accidental firing of at least one of many chemical oxygen generators that were being carried in this plan to send back to Valujet headquarters in Atlanta. This chemical oxygen generator is the canister that had been removed from another Valujet airplane. The light generated by this canister caused a fire in the cargo hold beneath the cockpit that ultimately brought this plane down. The investigation showed that this accident is not a period in the airplanes design, but rather was attributed to a series of the oxygen canisters. These canisters were improperly secured and supposedly shouldnt have been on the airplane at all.One of the most important duties of an engineer is to ensure the safety of the people who will be affected by the products that he designs. As we have seen, all of the codes of ethics of the professional engineering societies stress the important of safety in the engineers duties 18.CONCLUSIONThere are so many small insignificant factors that engineer doing that occur the accident. It may seem that the engineer has no responsibility and not alert about the law of safety and regulation. However, the engineer must understand and learn the complexity and the system that he is working on and also to be creative in determining how things can be design to avoid the accident happen again.Many of the risks can only be expressed by probabilities and no more educated guesses. Furthermore, there are synergistic effects between probabilities especially in a new and innovative design. Because of that, the engineer must design a product as safe as possible.Base on the designing for safety, the risk can minimize much more easierThe risk can minimize if the engineer spending more time to recheck the design cycle before sell it. It is because of to make sure that the product safe to use. Even though the price quite expensive, especially in the design cycle before the product has been built or is on the market, but the engineer must make sure that the product have a safety prevention and high quality. The prudent and ethical thing to do is to spend as much time and expense the design correctly so as to minimize future risk of injury and civil actions.The method to help analyze and to determine a project to proceed is risk benefit analysis. This method can summarize that the only ethical way is to implement risk-benefit by sharing the benefit between the engineer and society.As a conclusion, the product not surely 100% safe, but the engineer must design a product more effectively and follow the ethical law as a guideline.